{
  "slug": "crypto-bigint-0-7-6-fixes-timing-leaks-in-constant-time-arithmetic",
  "title": "crypto-bigint 0.7.6 fixes timing leaks in constant-time arithmetic",
  "summary": "RUSTSEC-2026-0387 says some crypto-bigint operations meant to be constant-time could branch on secret data. Upgrade to 0.7.6 (MSRV 1.87), then run cargo audit to confirm.",
  "desk": "Rust",
  "tags": [
    "crypto-bigint",
    "RUSTSEC-2026-0387",
    "constant-time",
    "RustCrypto",
    "cargo audit"
  ],
  "format": "news",
  "published_at": "2026-10-25T15:30:25.407Z",
  "url": "https://blog.b3pay.net/crypto-bigint-0-7-6-fixes-timing-leaks-in-constant-time-arithmetic",
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    "The affected operations are subtraction, zero counting, division, Montgomery multiplication, UintRef equality and BoxedMontyForm::invert.",
    "The advisory lists only '>=0.7.6' as patched, so cargo audit flags every older crypto-bigint version.",
    "Version 0.7.6 also moves ctutils to v0.4.4, which fixes RUSTSEC-2026-0385, and raises the MSRV to Rust 1.87.",
    "Release PR #1365 was merged on October 23, 2026. It adds BINSEC checks through cargo checkct that run on multiple targets."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "RUSTSEC-2026-0387: crypto-bigint: Multiple timing variability issues in operations intended to be constant-time",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0387.html"
    },
    {
      "title": "v0.7.6 by tarcieri · Pull Request #1365 · RustCrypto/crypto-bigint",
      "url": "https://github.com/RustCrypto/crypto-bigint/pull/1365"
    },
    {
      "title": "RUSTSEC-2026-0385: ctutils: Non-constant-time mask generation and u128 comparisons",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0385.html"
    }
  ],
  "content_markdown": "The RustSec advisory RUSTSEC-2026-0387 was issued on October 23, 2026. It reports that several crypto-bigint operations meant to run in constant time could execute secret-dependent branches, and version 0.7.6 fixes them. If your code does crypto-bigint arithmetic on secret integers, upgrade to 0.7.6 (which requires Rust 1.87) and run `cargo audit` again.\n\n## What the advisory reports\n\nThe advisory's title is \"Multiple timing variability issues in operations intended to be constant-time\". It is a Vulnerability in the `crypto-failure` category, and it lists one patched range: `>=0.7.6`.\n\nThe advisory says that, \"depending on the compiler and target CPU\", these operations could branch on secret values:\n\n- subtraction\n- zero counting\n- division\n- Montgomery multiplication\n\nIt also names two more problems. `UintRef` equality could stop at the first limb that did not match, and `BoxedMontyForm::invert` branched on whether an inverse exists.\n\nThe fix is release PR [#1365](https://github.com/RustCrypto/crypto-bigint/pull/1365), merged into `master` on October 23, 2026. Its Security section lists four changes:\n\n| Change in 0.7.6 | PR |\n|---|---|\n| Make `UintRef::PartialEq` constant-time and implement `PartialOrd`/`Ord` | #1311 |\n| Avoid branching on invertibility in `BoxedMontyForm::invert` | #1355 |\n| `borrowing_sub` constant-timeness; use `cargo checkct` | #1358 |\n| CT leaks in CTZ, `div_rem`, `nlimbs`, and Montgomery mul | #1360 |\n\nThe advisory says v0.7.6 \"removes the identified branches\" and updates `ctutils` with its own constant-time fixes. It also adds BINSEC-based regression checks, run with `cargo checkct`, for arithmetic on multiple targets. These checks inspect the compiled code, so a branch added later by the compiler should fail CI.\n\nThe same release also has correctness fixes that have nothing to do with timing. They include `BoxedUint` GCD with mixed-precision zero operands, the carry from Karatsuba `wrapping_square`, exact division edge cases, Montgomery reduction in repeated squaring, a safegcd iteration-count overflow \"at precisions of 93558 bits and above\", and the carry returned by `Uint::try_sub_with_carry`.\n\n## Who is affected and why it matters\n\ncrypto-bigint is a big-integer library from RustCrypto, built for cryptography, with stack-allocated, `no_std`-friendly types. Code that uses it this way relies on constant-time behavior: the running time should not depend on the secret values being processed.\n\nThe advisory says that code using the affected operations \"on secret integers may leak information through timing or microarchitectural side channels.\" The leaked information can include intermediate arithmetic values, which limbs match in a comparison, and whether a value has an inverse. The advisory warns that this leakage \"could potentially enable recovery of cryptographic secrets.\"\n\nYou are most exposed if your code, or a crate you depend on, does any of the following:\n\n- runs modular arithmetic with Montgomery forms (`MontyForm`, `BoxedMontyForm`) on private keys or nonces\n- compares secret values using `UintRef` equality\n- inverts secret values with `BoxedMontyForm::invert`\n- divides or subtracts with secret operands\n\nIf crypto-bigint only handles public data in your project, such as signature verification inputs that are already public, the leak exposes little. You will still see the warning in `cargo audit` until you upgrade.\n\nA related advisory came out the same day. [RUSTSEC-2026-0385](https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0385.html) covers `ctutils`, which crypto-bigint uses for constant-time choices. In ctutils releases before v0.4.4, mask generation could compile to a branch on common platforms, and `u128` comparisons branched on 32-bit targets. crypto-bigint 0.7.6 requires `ctutils` v0.4.4, so one upgrade fixes both.\n\n## What to do now\n\nThe changelog for 0.7.6 says \"Bump `ctutils` to v0.4.4; MSRV 1.87\". Check your toolchain before you upgrade.\n\n1. Check whether crypto-bigint is in your dependency tree, and which version:\n\n```sh\ncargo tree -i crypto-bigint\n```\n\n2. Check your Rust version. crypto-bigint 0.7.6 needs Rust 1.87 or newer:\n\n```sh\nrustc --version\n```\n\n3. If you are on the 0.7 line, update the lock file to the patched release:\n\n```sh\ncargo update -p crypto-bigint --precise 0.7.6\ncargo update -p ctutils\n```\n\n4. If you depend on crypto-bigint directly, raise the minimum version in your Cargo manifest so the old version cannot come back:\n\n```toml\n[dependencies]\ncrypto-bigint = \"0.7.6\"\n```\n\n5. Run the RustSec checks again. Neither RUSTSEC-2026-0387 nor RUSTSEC-2026-0385 should be listed:\n\n```sh\ncargo audit\n```\n\n6. If crypto-bigint comes in through another crate that pins an older release line, `cargo update` cannot fix it. In that case, upgrade the crate that depends on crypto-bigint, or wait for that crate to release a version that allows 0.7.6.\n\n7. If you publish a library that uses crypto-bigint on secret data, release a version that requires `crypto-bigint = \"0.7.6\"`. Then your users get the fix without changing their own manifests.\n\n## Caveats\n\nThe advisory says practical exploitability \"depends on the downstream algorithm, compiler, target CPU, and an attacker's ability to observe the side channel.\" It does not include a proof-of-concept or a measured attack, and it does not say which targets produced the branches.\n\nThe only patched range is `>=0.7.6`. The advisory does not list a fixed release for older lines, so `cargo audit` reports any version below 0.7.6. Projects that cannot move to the 0.7 line yet should check with their upstream crates whether any backports are planned.",
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